The Structure of English Language

We can study the structure of language in a variety of ways. For example, we can study

• classes of words (parts of speech),
• meanings of words (semantics), with or without considering changes of meaning,
• how words are organised in relation to each other (syntax),
• how words are formed (morphology),
• the sounds of words (phonology) and
• how written forms represent these (lexicography).

http://www.teachit.co.uk/armoore/lang/engstruct.htm